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4 In dogs, a flat blood glucose curve (BGC) may be seen, so glargine can be referred to as a peakless insulin in that species. Glargine is sometimes described as a “peakless” insulin, although peakless does not mean an absence of a nadir in cats but rather refers to glucose utilization rates. This results in rapid onset and long duration of action. Glargine is soluble at a pH of 4.0, the pH at which it is supplied and stored, but in the neutral pH of the body’s blood or subcutaneous tissues it forms microprecipitates, facilitating slow absorption after injection. It is a human analog insulin with modifications that provide variable solubility at different pHs. Several studies have demonstrated that glargine is effective for controlling blood sugar levels in diabetic cats and achieving high remission rates. Glargine (U-100 human recombinant Lantus, Sanofi) is a longer-acting insulin commonly used by the Task Force in cats because it has an adequate duration of action in most diabetic cats.
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It has a close to 12 hr duration of action in most dogs and is useful for minimizing postprandial hyperglycemia. It is FDA approved for use in dogs and cats. Lente (U-40 porcine insulin zinc suspension Vetsulin, Merck Animal Health) is an intermediate-acting insulin commonly used by the Task Force in dogs.Abbreviations: BG, blood glucose NPH, Neutral Protamine Hagedorn PZI, protamine zinc insulin U, units.Īdditional Information on Available Insulin Products: